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@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ paper to thoroughly analyze these lists and present them in a systematic
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manner, I will concentrate only on prisoners of war, and especially on
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manner, I will concentrate only on prisoners of war, and especially on
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women and children, since they are often entirely neglected.[^20]
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women and children, since they are often entirely neglected.[^20]
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The Kawa III stela of Taharqa (Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek I.N. 1707, Columns 22-23) informs us that the king provided the
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The Kawa III stela of Taharqa (Copenhagen, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Æ.I.N. 1707, Columns 22-23) informs us that the king provided the
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temple of Amun with male and female servants, and the children of the
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temple of Amun with male and female servants, and the children of the
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rulers (*wr.w*) of Tjehenu (Libyans).[^21] The Kawa VI (Khartoum SNM
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rulers (*wr.w*) of Tjehenu (Libyans).[^21] The Kawa VI (Khartoum SNM
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2679, line 20-21) stela informs us that the temple of Amun in Kawa was
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2679, line 20-21) stela informs us that the temple of Amun in Kawa was
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@ -422,13 +422,13 @@ knowledge, is found on the Triumphal Stela of Piye (Cairo
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JE 48862, 47086-47089, lines 149-150), the founder of the 25th Dynasty
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JE 48862, 47086-47089, lines 149-150), the founder of the 25th Dynasty
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of Egypt, who ruled between 744-714 BCE: "Now these kings and counts of
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of Egypt, who ruled between 744-714 BCE: "Now these kings and counts of
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Lower Egypt came to behold His Majesty's beauty, their legs being the
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Lower Egypt came to behold His Majesty's beauty, their legs being the
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legs of women." *js gr nn \<n\> nswt ḥ3(tj)w-^c^ nw T3-mḥw jj r m33 nfrw
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legs of women." *js gr nn \<n\> nswt ḥ3(tj).w-^c^ nw T3-mḥw jj r m33 nfr.w
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ḥm=f rdwj=sn m rdwj ḥm.wt.*[^76] Nicolas-Christophe Grimal has
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ḥm=f rd.wj=sn m rd.wj ḥm.wt.*[^76] Nicolas-Christophe Grimal has
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translated this part of the text in a way that suggests that the legs of
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translated this part of the text in a way that suggests that the legs of
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the kings and counts of Lower Egypt trembled like those of women.[^77]
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the kings and counts of Lower Egypt trembled like those of women.[^77]
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One has to stress that the adjective *tremblant* (French trembling) is
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One has to stress that the adjective *tremblant* (French trembling) is
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not written in the text, but is rather assumed by Grimal. On the other
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not written in the text, but is rather assumed by Grimal. On the other
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hand, Hans Goedicke's translates *rdwj=sn* not as legs, but knees
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hand, Hans Goedicke's translates *rd.wj=sn* not as legs, but knees
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instead.[^78] According to Robert K. Ritner, this means
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instead.[^78] According to Robert K. Ritner, this means
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that they were trembling in fear,[^79] and similarly, according to Amr
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that they were trembling in fear,[^79] and similarly, according to Amr
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el Hawary, this could indicate that enemies of Piye had their legs
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el Hawary, this could indicate that enemies of Piye had their legs
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@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ that body hair removal was restricted only to women. For Nubia, at least,
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this is indicated by the description of Kushites in the Bible as tall
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this is indicated by the description of Kushites in the Bible as tall
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and smooth-skinned people (Isaiah 18: 7).[^82] Later in the text, it is
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and smooth-skinned people (Isaiah 18: 7).[^82] Later in the text, it is
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stated that three of these kings and counts stayed outside the palace
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stated that three of these kings and counts stayed outside the palace
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"because of their legs" (*r rdwj=sn*), and only one entered. El Hawary
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"because of their legs" (*r rd.wj=sn*), and only one entered. El Hawary
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postulates that this could be related to the previous comparison with
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postulates that this could be related to the previous comparison with
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the legs of women.[^83] Another case is possibly alluded to later in the
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the legs of women.[^83] Another case is possibly alluded to later in the
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same text when it states "You return having conquered Lower Egypt;
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same text when it states "You return having conquered Lower Egypt;
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@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ contrasted to the vulvas which should receive them,[^85] we can argue
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that, in both cases, bulls stand for men, or at least masculinity, in
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that, in both cases, bulls stand for men, or at least masculinity, in
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both the human and animal world. It is interesting that on the Triumphal
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both the human and animal world. It is interesting that on the Triumphal
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stela of Piye women from the palace of the Lower Egyptian king Nimlot
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stela of Piye women from the palace of the Lower Egyptian king Nimlot
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paid homage to Piye "after the manner of women" (*m* *ḫt* *ḥmwt*).[^86]
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paid homage to Piye "after the manner of women" (*m* *ḫt* *ḥm.wt*).[^86]
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Maybe this indicates that there was also a manner in which men are
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Maybe this indicates that there was also a manner in which men are
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supposed to pay homage to the king, and that the defeated kings and
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supposed to pay homage to the king, and that the defeated kings and
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counts of Lower Egypt failed to do this, or at least the text wants us
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counts of Lower Egypt failed to do this, or at least the text wants us
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@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ composed for the Kushite kings. In the Annals of Harsiyotef (Cairo JE
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people in his 6th regnal year. After taking spoils of war, the ruler
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people in his 6th regnal year. After taking spoils of war, the ruler
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of Mededet was sent to Harsiyotef, saying: "You are my god. I am your
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of Mededet was sent to Harsiyotef, saying: "You are my god. I am your
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servant. I am a woman. Come to me" (*ntk p(3)=j* *nṯr* *jnk p(3)=k b3k*
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servant. I am a woman. Come to me" (*ntk p(3)=j* *nṯr* *jnk p(3)=k b3k*
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*jnk* *sḥmt* *my j-r=j*).[^88] In this attestation, we have a direct
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*jnk* *sḥm.t* *my j-r=j*).[^88] In this attestation, we have a direct
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speech of the enemy, who, according to the text, identifies himself with
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speech of the enemy, who, according to the text, identifies himself with
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a woman. Of course we are safe to assume that these words were put in
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a woman. Of course we are safe to assume that these words were put in
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his mouth by the composer of the text of the stela. El Hawary has
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his mouth by the composer of the text of the stela. El Hawary has
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