Merge branch 'master' of https://git.sandpoints.org/UnionForNubianStudies/Dotawo
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@ -323,15 +323,15 @@ The same is true of passive and ventive suffixes, but in factative aspect the su
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| | Stem | [pass]({sc}) |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄ | ásɪ̄d̪āy-áɪ́ |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | ásɪ̄d̪āɪ̄ | ásɪ̄d̪āy-àɡ |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄* | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-áɪ́* |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | *ásɪ̄d̪āɪ̄* | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-àɡ* |
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**~~Table 10a. Affix selection as sole exponent of aspect: "paint"~~**
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| | Stem | [ven]({sc}) |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | ɪ̄r-ɛ̄ | ɪ̄r-ɪ́ɪ̄ɡ |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | ɪ̄r | ɪ̄r-ɪ́d̪ɛ̄ɛ̀ɡ |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | *ɪ̄r-ɛ̄* | *ɪ̄r-ɪ́ɪ̄ɡ* |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | *ɪ̄r* | *ɪ̄r-ɪ́d̪ɛ̄ɛ̀ɡ* |
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**~~Table 10b. Affix selection as sole exponent of aspect: "send"~~**
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@ -339,15 +339,15 @@ In passive and in past, affix order also varies according to aspect with respect
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| | Stem | [du pass]({sc}) |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄ | ásɪ̄d̪āy-áy-ɛ̄n |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | ásɪ̄d̪āɪ̄ | ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄n-àɡ |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄* | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-áy-ɛ̄n* |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | *ásɪ̄d̪āɪ̄* | *ásɪ̄d̪āy-ɛ̄n-àɡ* |
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**~~Table 11a. Affix order variation according to aspect: "paint"~~**
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| | Stem | [du pst]({sc}) |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | sāŋ-ɔ̄ | sāŋ-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | sāŋ | sāŋ-áw-ɛ̄n |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | *sāŋ-ɔ̄* | *sāŋ-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n* |
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| **[prog]({sc})** | *sāŋ* | *sāŋ-áw-ɛ̄n* |
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**~~Table 11b. Affix order variation according to aspect: "search"~~**
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@ -356,11 +356,11 @@ The origin of this affix order variation is revealed by further evidence. Passiv
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| | | | |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **Gloss** | throw | throw to [du]({sc}) | elicit [du]({sc}) |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̄-ɡ | dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-n-ɪ̄ɡ | kɪ́l-ɛ̄n-ɔ̀ |
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| **[fact]({sc})** | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̄-ɡ* | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-n-ɪ̄ɡ* | *kɪ́l-ɛ̄n-ɔ̀* |
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| | throw-[th-dir]({sc}) | throw-[ven-du-dir]({sc}) | hear-[du-medcaus]({sc}) |
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| **[fact imp]({sc})** | dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̀ɡ-ɛ̄-ɪ̀ | dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-ɡ-ɛ̄n-ɪ̀ | kɪ́l-àw-ɛ̄n-ɪ̀ |
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| **[fact imp]({sc})** | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̀ɡ-ɛ̄-ɪ̀* | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-ɡ-ɛ̄n-ɪ̀* | *kɪ́l-àw-ɛ̄n-ɪ̀* |
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| | throw-[dir-th-imp]({sc}) | throw-[ven-dir-du-imp]({sc}) | hear-[medcaus-du-imp]({sc}) |
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| **[fact pst]({sc})** | dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̀ɡ-ɔ̄-ɔ̀n | dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-ɡ-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n | kɪ́l-àw-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n |
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| **[fact pst]({sc})** | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɛ̀ɡ-ɔ̄-ɔ̀n* | *dɪ̀ɟ-ɪ́-ɡ-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n* | *kɪ́l-àw-ɛ̄n-ʊ̀n* |
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| | throw-[dir-th-pst]({sc}) | throw-[ven-dir-du-pst]({sc}) | hear-[medcaus-du-pst]({sc}) |
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**~~Table 12. Inward displacement of suffixes by an imperative or past suffix~~**
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@ -400,9 +400,9 @@ Distributive pluractionals are characterized by optionality with a plural partic
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| 1 | Gloss | 2 | Gloss | 3 | Gloss |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| ɡə́-ɡaɲal | I milk | é-ɡaɲal | you [sg]({sc}) milk | kaɲál | he/she milks |
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| kó-ɡaɲal | we [du]({sc}) milk | ó-ɡaɲál | you [du]({sc}) milk | ɡaɲál-i | they [du]({sc}) milk |
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| kó-ɡaɲa-tr̀ | we [pl]({sc}) milk | ó-ɡaɲa-tr̀ | you [pl]({sc}) milk | ɡaɲá-tər-i | they [pl]({sc}) milk |
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| *ɡə́-ɡaɲal* | I milk | *é-ɡaɲal* | you [sg]({sc}) milk | *kaɲál* | he/she milks |
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| *kó-ɡaɲal* | we [du]({sc}) milk | *ó-ɡaɲál* | you [du]({sc}) milk | *ɡaɲál-i* | they [du]({sc}) milk |
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| *kó-ɡaɲa-tr̀* | we [pl]({sc}) milk | *ó-ɡaɲa-tr̀* | you [pl]({sc}) milk | *ɡaɲá-tər-i* | they [pl]({sc}) milk |
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**~~Table 13. Afitti pluractional *-t(ə)r* not used with dual subjects~~**
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@ -429,10 +429,10 @@ The Ama suffix *-ar* can be added to a progressive verb as a mirative that marks
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| [sg]({sc}) | [du]({sc}) | [distr pl]({sc}) | Gloss |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| fá kɪ̄r-ār | à-fá kɪ̄r-ār-ɛ̄n | à-fá kɪ̄r-ɪ́d̪-ār | don’t be cutting! |
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| fá sāŋ-ār | à-fá sāŋ-ār-ɛ̄n | à-fá sāŋ-ɪ́d̪-ār | don’t be searching! |
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| fá túŋ-ār | à-fá túŋ-ɛ̄n | à-fá túŋ-ɪ́d̪-ār | don’t be sleeping! |
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| fá tām-ār | à-fá tām-ɛ̄n | à-fá tām-ɪ́d̪-ār | don’t be eatingǃ |
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| *fá kɪ̄r-ār* | *à-fá kɪ̄r-ār-ɛ̄n* | *à-fá kɪ̄r-ɪ́d̪-ār* | don’t be cutting! |
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| *fá sāŋ-ār* | *à-fá sāŋ-ār-ɛ̄n* | *à-fá sāŋ-ɪ́d̪-ār* | don’t be searching! |
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| *fá túŋ-ār* | *à-fá túŋ-ɛ̄n* | *à-fá túŋ-ɪ́d̪-ār* | don’t be sleeping! |
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| *fá tām-ār* | *à-fá tām-ɛ̄n* | *à-fá tām-ɪ́d̪-ār* | don’t be eatingǃ |
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**~~Table 14. Ama negative imperative paradigms~~**
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@ -1169,9 +1169,9 @@ In conclusion, a general table of the personal markers that have been identified
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Armbruster, Charles. H. *![Dongolese Nubian: A Grammar.](bib:1513d4f3-3175-4ade-8e5e-b8e4738c3f11)* Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960.
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Bashir, Abeer. ![“Address and Reference Terms in Midob (Darfur Nubian).”](bib:a03136b3-82d7-443d-874b-1c2168633274) *Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies* 2 (2015): pp. 133–153.
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Bashir, Abeer. ![“Address and Reference Terms in Midob (Darfur Nubian).”](bib:37be9a82-1e01-47cd-8f84-f19607528f68) *Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies* 2 (2015): pp. 133–153.
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Bossong, Georg. ![“Differential Object Marking in Romance and Beyond.”](bib:ff0fbcab-ec56-4e58-bb95-ffe3f22dd188) In *New Analyses in Romance Linguistics: Selected Papers from the XVIII Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages, Urbana-Champaign, April 7–9, 1988,* edited by D. Wanner and D. A. Kibbee. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1991: pp. 143–170.
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Bossong, Georg. ![“Differential Object Marking in Romance and Beyond.”](bib:5ccf18e1-93a5-4985-910c-4a1034edbb50) In *New Analyses in Romance Linguistics: Selected Papers from the XVIII Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages, Urbana-Champaign, April 7–9, 1988,* edited by D. Wanner and D. A. Kibbee. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1991: pp. 143–170.
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Browne, Gerald M. ![*Old Nubian Dictionary.*](bib:d9505774-ee71-4ab7-b076-96f26507ca47) Leuven: Peeters, 1996.
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